Antibiotic resistance profile of pathogenic enterobacteria strains isolated from some poultry farms in the Forécariah prefecture in the Republic of Guinea

Introduction: Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. are among the Enterobacteria responsible for human and animal diseases causing considerable economic losses in the poultry sector. The uncontrolled use of antibiotics in poultry farming often leads to the selection of antibiotic-resistant bacterial germs and a decrease in productivity.

Objectives: This study, conducted from July to September 2024, aimed to determine the prevalence and antibiotic resistance of pathogenic Enterobacteriaceae strains isolated from poultry farms in Forécariah prefecture.

Material and Methods: A total of 119 samples were collected from 5 breeding sites. Enterobacteriaceae strains were isolated using standard microbiology methods and confirmed by the Api 20 E gallery. Antibiotic resistance was determined using the agar diffusion method.

Results: Enterobacteriaceae contamination was detected in 75.79% of fresh droppings samples and in 79.16% of cloacal swabs. The results of antibiotic resistance showed that: 100% of the pathogenic Enterobacteriaceae tested were resistant to at least one antibiotic: Escherichia coli strains were resistant to 92.86% to Gentamicin, 77.27% to Ampicillin and 42.86% to Azithromycin. Similarly, Salmonella spp. were 100% resistant to Gentamicin, 75% to Ampicillin and Nitrofurantoin. Furthermore, this study highlighted the presence of five genera of Enterobacteriaceae in the Forécariah prefecture. Although the most pathogenic ones are underestimated, it is necessary to strengthen biosecurity measures to stem the spread of these pathogens.