Stage IV Triple-negative breast cancer with brain and visceral metastasis has a complete response to sacituzumab govitecan: A Case Report

Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a particularly aggressive subtype of cancer, characterized by its high propensity for metastasis. Patients who experience the development of brain metastases (BMs) and visceral metastasis face a challenging prognosis, as effective systemic treatment options for this specific condition are limited.

Case presentation: This case report describes the journey of a 42-year-old female patient diagnosed with left-sided triple-negative breast cancer with metastasis to the lymph nodes, bone, and brain. The patient underwent a combination of chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapy, showing an initial response but subsequent disease progression. Multiple treatment modalities, including surgery, radiotherapy, including stereotactic radiotherapy, were employed to manage the metastases. The patient experienced complications such as anemia and hypocalcemia and received supportive care. Serial imaging, including positron emission tomography and MRI, were utilized for monitoring treatment response and disease progression documented.

Conclusion: The findings of this case report provide support for considering sacituzumab govitecan as a potential treatment option for recurrent and even BRCA-mutant triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Notably, sacituzumab govitecan demonstrated high activity in the presence of active bone and brain metastases.