Gut bacteria and human body; a mini review

Mammalian gastrointestinal tract is inhabited by microbiota right from the birth to old age. This microbial community is host specific and plays a major role in maintaining host physiology, nutritional status and stress response.  Human body is inhabited by 10¹⁴ microorganisms in gastrointestinal tract with higher number of gram-positive Firmicutes and the gram-negative Bacteroidetes. Major amount of gut flora are present in colon part where as stomach bear the smallest amount. Balance between body and the resident bacterial population is very important from health point and if disturbed, it can result into various kinds of disease.  This review article will highlights the association of microbiota with the human body along the gastrointestinal tract starting from the mouth, esophagus, stomach, and intestines.