Review about relation between white sugar and retinopathy

The surging prevalence of vision impairment is increasingly linked to the high intake of refined white sugar, particularly in its forms as fructose and added sweeteners. Retinopathy is a condition that is often a result of this dietary pattern, and is an important factor that initiates and promotes the progression of retinopathy. The biochemical mechanisms by which excess sugar consumption leads to retinal damage are explored, focusing on the processes of inflammation, hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress, and the negative effects of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Current available experimental and epidemiological knowledge are combined and discussed in terms of clinical implications for prevention and clinical management. In conclusion, the findings underscore the importance of strategic dietary choices in minimizing the risk and impact of retinal damage.