Proinflammatory cytokines in Parkinson’s disease and current treatment approaches

Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra region. As the etiology is not clear, treatment in this disease is rather symptomatic and inadequate to prevent the progression of the disease. However, recent studies have demonstrated the strong association of neuroinflammation and proinflammatory cytokines with disease pathology. In this review, the relationship of proinflammatory cytokines with the pathology of Parkinson's disease is discussed and current treatment approaches targeting these mechanisms are evaluated.