Contribution to the phytochemical study and evaluation of the antibacterial activity of extracts from the leaves of Ageratum conyzoides (Asteraceae) from Côte d'Ivoire

Ageratum conyzoïdes is a plant known for its therapeutic virtues. Its leaves are used by traditional healers to treat several pathologies. Phytochemical screening and quantitative analysis revealed the richness of this plant thanks to its multiple secondary metabolites. The aqueous, ethanolic and hexanic extracts were used for phytochemical screening. Thus, these extracts showed overall the presence of tannins, flavonoids, coumarins, free quinones, anthraquinones, alkaloids, sterols-triterpenes, terpenoids, saponosides, reducing compounds, anthocyanins, volatile oils and cardiac glycosides in the leaves of Ageratum conyzoïdes. Qualitative analysis by dosage showed that the ethanolic extract is more concentrated than the aqueous extract in total polyphenols, total flavonoids and total condensed tannins. The evaluation of the antibacterial activity of the ethanolic and aqueous extracts was carried out. It appears that only the ethanolic extract exhibits a bacteriostatic effect on the bacterial strain Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923.